WHY AFRICAN STUDENTS ENGAGING IN CORRUPTION ISSUES?

AN OVER VIEW OF THIS SCHOLARLY WORK

This task fall within the development studies; the task presents about the issues of corruption ‘why are the students in Africa interested in the issues of corruption while their governments refuse theses scandals; this will be covered in part (a). While part (b) of this assignments presents some solutions that suit to eradicate or to reduce corruption among youth students in Africa.

The work divided into three parts that is: introductory party, the main body and the conclusions. Introduction will define concepts like corruption, African students, and definitions of the types of corruption existing in Africa. Main body of the question (a) will cover the briefly statistical (magnitudes of corruption in Africa) descriptions of corrupt leaders in Africa as an evidences that corruption exist in Africa, then followed by the reasons why African students – young engaging in the issues of corruption and finally will be the conclusion and recommendations from the author. While part (b) will venture across various solutions toward combating corruption in developing countries particularly Africa directly!

(a). Definition of concepts

Corruption; UN (2016) defined corruption as “an abuse of public power for private gains that hamper the public interest; this may be directly or indirectly ...” a corruption entails confusion of the public sphere or an illicitly exchange between two spheres (Am, 2011:83) agued similar

African students involves all person aged between 18 – 40 years old and mostly them are in schools, streets, graduates from schools, colleges, and universities. They also employed themselves or by governments and others are just seeking for jobs, job security (Omar 2011:256 - 280). Corruption categorized into the following types: grand corruption, state capture, administrative or petty corruption and involves forms like bribery, embezzlement, fraud, intimidation, extortions and abuse of power, an unlawful gratify, favoritisms, nepotism, illegal contribution, money laundering, identity theft, and white collar crime (Pande, 2012, p 6). The table below shows some statistics of African corrupt leaders based on research (Lawal 2002)

 The following are some reasons why many African students are mostly interesting on corruption issues as explained below

Poverty among African students the research indicates that: “most of African students aging from 18 – 35 years and few are in service worker, but the large numbers of the majorities are in schools, collages, and universities, some are graduates who seek jobs every morning…”(keeper 2010: 75). In order to get jobs they often required to pay something to the employers (bribery) so as to get favoritisms and win job positions and this is common in both public and nongovernmental organizations (Lawal, 2017:4). Therefore in order to get rid from poverty African students undergo bribery in job markets around Africa and world wide

Un equal distributions of national wealth, (Mint and Pande, 2012: 67) argued that, throughout African states the minority are enjoying the national cakes while majorities African students dined the national cakes, for example the presidents assigned his wife as the ministries finance while the same family, and ignored to tribute the position to other people young african students, Nigeria also president he assigned himself as a ministry of oils and left thousand Nigerian youth bare hand. UN (210, 9) reports shows that in order to get into the National cakes many African students and those in – services tend to pay money to the top ministries and managers and others keeps on blaming . Therefore African students unclouded in the issues of corruption

Poor governances, currently both public and private sectors faced with this challenges; there is no transparences, clear responsibilities, intimidations among leaders in order to hidden there scandals. The governments also have this stress where by the leaders tries to forbidden corruption scandals and they use public funds for personal gains, jailing anti – corruption groups who exposés their weakness. (Keeper, and Lawal, 2010:75, 20107:4) argued that the South Africa, Kenya, Uganda, Nigeria and Mali 2000 to 2016 experiencing this problems. Therefore they fail to stop corruption because are the ones who corrupt the mass

The toothless ant – corruption institutions; the ant corruption organs are threatened by the executives and therefore fail to combat corruption in Africa. Examples of African ant – corruption organs are the PCCB, UCCB, KCCB, GCCB and RCCB (Laos 2015: 23) cemented that; the corrupt governments refuse to allocate enough budget in order to weaken.  Organizations are unable to publish, carrying out seminars and radios periods because of insufficient resources – human, technological and financially. Therefore African students are no reached by these seminars and letting them into corruption as they are not well informed on the indicators, and negative consequences of corruption

Sexual issues; is now become stories of many young African students both in jobs, schools and universities. Some time in order to win marks, grades, positions, and hid their worseness they do pay money; also  (Owogo, 2014) added that now days men students are experiencing similar challenges like lad in Botswana the country with few males and therefore struggling to get males by money in offices

Generally; corruption leading into unexpected leaders, deviation of public services into minorities, hunger, poor services and frequency wars of interest among Africans. The lower class of African students are the one who suffer more and more

(b) SOLUTION FOR CORRUPTION

According to several researches done in West Africa, east and South Africa, the following are some proposed solutions to rid corruption among African students as explained below

To empower anti corruption organizations, (Lawal, 2007) suggested that, in order for the an organization to work properly there must be empowered by allocating enough funds and managerial skilled personnel who will provide seminars and professional guidance on the strategies and implementing polices to the clients (communities)

Introduction of corruption education into curriculum, (USIP, 2015:67) argued that, in order to stop corruption among African students they should be taught in the schools, colleges and universities so as to create awareness among them, to cultivate patriotisms among students (Owoye, 2015p, 68)

Separation of power; USIP, suggested that, in order to end corruption there must be separation of power such that each pillars of the government should work fully without intervenes from other pillars such as the Parliament should work free in making laws against dishonest of public wealth, judicial in implementing laws at the court such that it become able to excuses all corrupt leaders and any other who tries to corrupt [Page 13]  Dog (2010 p, 26) added that executives also should not intimidates other pillars in implementing laws especially when some higher top leaders being mentioned into cases 

Cultivates good governance, the US peace and Security Keepers (2015) suggested that the governments should be open, flexible, responsibilities of leaders, non threats to those corruption activists so that they can operate free in provision of education for corruption throughout the country, should not prison them and creation of young future leaders from schools who hate corruption in their lives

Equal distributions of national cakes, (AUTOBI, 2007: 18 – 32) suggested that as most cases seemed to caused by un equal distributions of wealth within the countries and African students have rights to benefits, therefore there should be balance in allocations of public wealth through employing young African students instead of continuing employing elders whom already tired with jobs and leave chances for younger

Conclusion in order to combat corruption there must be joint hand works between public Non public organizations, individuals such as parents at home, teachers at schools, scholars and religious organs because corruption swallows the rights of all people regardless their social status, sex, ages, and any kinds of denominations are highly affected in the countries. By doing these we will be ensuring security, equalities, and preservation of human dignity and sustainable developments holistically